Stone, B.C. 1970. The Flora of Guam. A Manual for the Identification of the Vascular Plants of the Island. Micronesica. 6 (1/2): 1-659. Date Revised/Accepted: 01 October 1969.

Erect, often large herbs, sometimes with weel-developed "trunk", the leaves erect, long-petiole, blades often sagittate, peltate or not; fmlorescence pedunculate; spathe basally tubular, distally somewhat expanded, at last caducous; spadix shorter than spathe; tip with slender appendage; flowers unisexual; fruit a fleshy berry.-- Perhaps 30 or more species of Tropical Asia, a few in the Pacific.